
Mexico (in Spanish officially México, Distrito Federal abbreviated México, DF, and generally ciudad de México, literally: Mexico City) is the capital and the most populous city in Mexico. It is located in the center of the country, in the Valley of Mexico, a plateau at an altitude of 2400 meters which is surrounded by mountains that overlook more than 5,000 feet above the average level of the sea.
It is often referred to as the official name Distrito Federal (DF, Distrito Federal) to avoid confusion with the country of the same name in Spanish or with the State of Mexico contiguous it is not also part.
The word "Mexican" is already used to refer to the natives, the French language does not have a gentile to designate the inhabitants of Mexico City. Spanish are used defeño (DF) or Capitalino (the capital), while mexicano (Mexican) is reserved for the country and mexiquense the State of Mexico. Mexicans across the country nicknamed the people of Mexico pejoratively chilangos while residents of the Federal District are using this word without pejorative intent.

Mexico City is located in central Mexico. It extends over the territory of the Federal District is divided into 24 districts and with 43 million in 20005; The Federal District is not completely urbanized. It is surrounded by the states of Mexico and Morelos. Mexicans also distinguished several geographic features that go well beyond the limits of Mexico City proper:
Zona Metropolitana de la Ciudad de México (ZMCM): 16 boroughs (delegaciones) and 40 municipalities (municipios) of 4986 km ²
Zona Metropolitana del Valle de México (ZMVM): 58 km ² Commons 7815

The urban area of Mexico City, the third most populous in the world, spans 60 km / 100 km [What?] About.
Mexico has a temperate climate and altitude (Cwb according to Koppen's classification). Although located in the tropics, the average annual temperature is moderated by the effects of altitude. Winter is rather dry, spring is the hottest season and summer is the rainy season (June to September). The prevailing winds blow from the north-northeast. The lowest areas receive less rainfall than the southern part. The southern regions of Tlalpan and Milpa Alta (es), located in the mountain Ajusco (es) have a vegetation of conifers and oaks.

The earthquake of 20 March 2012 (en), with a magnitude of 7.4, with the epicenter located on the border between the states of Oaxaca and Guerrero, is the strongest earthquake felt in Mexico City since 1985. occurred at noon, it triggers a sharp panic, but still controlled. All buildings were evacuated, including Parliament, then in full session.10. The earthquake had a dozen wounded in the Federal District and hundreds of homes were touchées11. A replica was felt April 2, 2012.
Mexico City deploys seismic detectors to prevent the arrival of an earthquake a few minutes before it started, through mobiles12 phones. Mexico is threatened by a seismic gap which originates in Guerrero, close to the original quake zone 2012 This area between the coast and Mexico City is the subject of a research program and is equipped with GPS stations measures installed by researchers from UNAM and CNRS13,14.
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